Leaf-miner: An
irregular whitish linear mine, not associated with leaf margin (Spencer,
1976: 383 (fig. 666)).
Corridor,
lower-surface at first, upper-surface later. The upper part is 7-10
cm long and no more than 2 mm wide in the end. Frass in thick, black
frains, sometimes in pearl chains. Pupation outside the mine, exit
slit either in upper or in lower epidermis (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larva is described by Griffiths (1973c),
Hering (1955a, as nilssoni),
de Meijere (1937) and illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa. Posterior spiracles each with 24-28 bulbs (Spencer,
1976: 383 (fig. 669)).
Puparium:
The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Black.
Comments:
Robbins (1989 and 1991: 66) recorded mines of Phytomyza archangelicae
on Angelica and Angelica sylvestris. Pitkin & Plant, following Robbins, also recorded mines on Angeliaca sylvestris.
Henshaw in Chandler,
1998: 139, says that confirmation of its British status is required.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: June-September.
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Common in south particularly
in gardens (Spencer, 1972b:
82) including Warwickshire (Coventry) (Robbins,
1991: 28); Anglesey, Caernarvonshire, East Ross, East Suffolk, Easterness, Glamorgan, Leicestershire, Merionethshire,
North Somerset, Nottinghamshire, Shropshire, South Essex, South Lancashire, South-west Yorkshire, Surrey and West Gloucestershire (NBN
Atlas).
Also
recorded on Columbine (Aquilegia vulgaris), 12 June 1985
at Castlecurragh, Co. Limerick, Ireland (H.C.J. Godfray). Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Denmark,
Finland, Norway (Spencer, 1976:
380), Belgium (de Bruyn
and von Tschirnhaus, 1991), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Czech Republic, French mainland, Lithuania, Poland,
Romania, Slovakia and Switzerland (Fauna Europaea).
Range
extending eastwards to the Kirghiz and Kazakh Republics of the [former]
U.S.S.R. (Spencer, 1976:
380).
References
to aquilegiae in North America have all proven inaccurate
(Spencer, 1976: 380). NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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