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(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)
by
Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds
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Pegomya
betae (Curtis, 1847) [Diptera:
Anthomyiidae]
Anthomyia
betae Curtis, 1847. Jl R. agric. Soc. (London) 8:
412
Anthomyza dissimilipes Zetterstedt, 1849. Dipt. Scand.
8: 3311
Anthomyia femoralis Brischke, 1881. Schr. naturf. Ges.
Danzig 5: 275.
Pegomya betae (Curtis, 1847).
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Leaf-miner: Blotch
mines, generally occupying an entire leaf, usually containing several
larvae. Much, half deliquescent, green frass (Bladmineerders van Europa). Mine indistinguishable from P.
exilis or P. hyoscyami (Bladmineerders van Europa). |
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Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The eggs and larvae are described by d'Aguilar and Missonier (1957 and 1962). The mandibles have a number of teeth, of varying size; the angle between the termainal and the penultimate teeth is almost straight, not sharp as in P. hyoscyami (d'Aguilar and Missonier, 1957a, 1962a) (Bladmineerders van Europa). |
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Puparia: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples). Reddish brown, in the soil. |
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Adult: The adult is illustrated in the Encyclopedia
of Life. |
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Comments:
A notorious pest of beet. Pegomya
exilis and Pegomya
cunicularia were distinguished from Pegomya
betae and Pegomya hyoscyami by Michelsen (1980). Material of both [the former species] had previously
been assigned to those [two latter] species (Chandler, pers. comm.).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: June.
Time
of year - adults: Two-three generations per year.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Britain including Warwickshire
(Coventry, Holbrooks) (Robbins,
1991: 36); Anglesey, Caernarvonshire, Cardinganshire, Easterness, North Essex, Orkney, South Devon, South-west-Yorkshire and West Perthshire (NBN
Atlas).
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Michelsen in Fauna Europaea). Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including The Netherlands
(Bladmineerders van Europa), Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary,
Lithuania, Norwegian mainland, ? Poland, Russia - North, Slovakia
and Sweden (Michelsen in Fauna Europaea).
Also
recorded in East Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions (Michelsen in Fauna Europaea). NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
Chalcidoidea |
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Trichomalopsis
hemiptera (Walker, 1835) |
Pteromalidae: Pteromalinae |
Trichogramma
evanescens Westwood, 1833 |
Trichogrammatidae: Trichogrammatinae |
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available |
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Biosteres spinaciae (Thomson, 1895) |
Braconidae: Opiinae |
Biosteres wesmaelii (Haliday, 1837) |
Braconidae: Opiinae |
Phaedrotoma munda (Förster, 1862) |
Braconidae: Opiinae |
Utetes fulvicollis (Thomson, 1895) |
Braconidae: Opiinae |
Phygadeuon elegans (Förster, 1850) |
Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae |
Phygadeuon pegomyiae Habermehl, 1928 |
Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae |
Phygadeuon rotundipennis Thomson, 1884 |
Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae |
Phygadeuon trichops Thomson, 1884 |
Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae |
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