Leaf-miner: Oviposition in the underside of the midrib or a thick lateral vein;
the oviposition site develops into a large scar. The larva makes
a corridor that runs towards the leaf margin. The ultimate part
of the mine is a corridor in the leaf tip, with frass in a narrow
black central line (Bladmineeders van Europa).
The mine starts by the midrib abd runs towards the leaf edge. The frass is in a narrow central line. The leaf may tear along the course of the mine (British
leafminers).
Larva: The larvae of beetles have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles and lack abdominal legs (see examples).
Pupa: The pupae of beetles have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: Summer, early autumn (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in Britain including Breconshire,
Caernarvonshire, Cumberland, Dumfriesshire, East Kent, East Norfolk,
East Sussex, Leicestershire, Merionethshire, Mid-west Yorkshire,
Montgomeryshire, North Hampshire, North-east Yorkshire, North-west Yorkshire, Radnorshire, South Hampshire, South Wiltshire,
Surrey, West Kent, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, West Sussex and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Bulgaria,
? Corsica, French mainland, Germany, Italian mainland, Poland, and
Slovakia (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown.
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