Leaf-miner: The larvae feed on the leaves of lime and birch, mining the
leaves when young (UKMoths).
Oviposition
at the leaf upperside. Mine a short, irregular, full depth corridor,
always at the leaf margin, generally in the tip of the leaf. Frassly
broadly scattered. The older larva lives free on the leaf (Bladmineerders van Europa).
The
mine is also illustrated in British
leafminers.
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths
(by Duncan Williams) and the Encyclopedia
of Life. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: July, September - October (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Two generations, at least in the south of
the range, with adults on the wing in May and June and again in
August and September (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Mainly distributed in the southern
half of England (UKMoths)
and Wales including Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, East Cornwall, East Kent, East Norfolk,
East Suffolk, East Sussex, Herefordshire, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Leicestershire, North Essex, North Hampshire, North Lincolnshire, North Somerset, Northamptonshire, Shropshire,
South Devon, South Hampshire, South Somerset, South Wiltshire,
South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey, Warwickshire, West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire, West Lancashire,
West Norfolk, West Suffolk, West Sussex and Westmorland (NBN
Atlas). There are also scattered localities in Wales and
in Scotland where the species occurs (UKMoths).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belgium, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French
mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central
and North, Sardinia, Slovakia, Sweden and Switzerland (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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