Leaf-miner: The mine is upper side, oval, over midrib or side-vein - the
upper epidermis flimsy with one strong crease (British
leafminers).
Unlike
other species that form an upperside mine, the surface is not papery,
but quite glossy and heavily creased. The mine begins green and
then turns orange or brown when more mature (UKMoths).
Upper-surface,
fairly small, almost flat tentiform mine with a characteristic yellow
green colour. The mine has a single, moderately strong, fold. Generally
the mine is positioned over a lateral vein. Frass in a clump in
a corner of the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
The larva is illustrated in British
leafminers and Bladmineerders van Europa.
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
The pupa is formed in a white cocoon (British
leafminers).
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths.
The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: July, October (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Two generations, with a flight period in May
and August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: A common and widespread moth
in England and Wales, with only a very few Scottish records (UKMoths)
including Anglesey, Bedfordshire, Breconshire, Buckinghamshire, Caernarvonshire,
Cambridgeshire, Carmarthenshire, Cheshire, Denbighshire, Derbyshire,
Dorset, Durham, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, Flintshire, Glamorgan,
Herefordshire, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Middlesex, Merionethshire,
Middlesex, Mid-west Yorkshire, North Ebudes, North Essex, North Hampshire, North Somerset,
North-east Yorkshire, Northamptonshire, South Northumberland, Shropshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford,
Surrey, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, Westmorland and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas).
See also British
leafminers distribution.
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Corsica, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia,
Finland, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia,
Lithuania, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central
and Northwest, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland and The Netherlands
(Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
Chalcidoidea |
|
Ageniaspis fuscicollis (Dalman, 1820) |
Encyrtidae: Encyrtinae |
Chrysocharis laomedon (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis nephereus (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis phryne (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Pediobius alcaeus (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Cirrospilus
elegantissimus Westwood, 1841 |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Cirrospilus
vittatus Walker, 1838 |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Sympiesis gordius (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Sympiesis grahami Erdös, 1966 |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Pteromalus semotus (Walker, 1834) |
Pteromalidae: Pteromalinae |
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available |
|
Coloneura
stylata Förster, 1862 |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Pholetesor laetus (Marshall, 1885) |
Braconidae: Microgastrinae |
Encrateola laevigata (Ratzeburg, 1848) |
Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae |
Scambus calobatus (Gravenhorst, 1829) |
Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae |
|