Leaf-miner: A large mine with a strong crease in lower epidermis. Leaf-edge
often folded downwards (British
leafminers).
Lower-surface,
yellow-green tentiform mine with a few sharp folds in the epidermis.
In Rowan the mine is parallel to the leaf margin, in Cherry usually
between two lateral veins. The light brown cocoon lies in a wide
cocoon, in which no frass is incorporated; all frass is accumulated
in a clump in an angle of the mine. Before hatching the pupa penetrates
the mine wall; generally the exuvium remains stuck halfway out of
the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
The
mine is also illustrated in UKMoths.
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
The larva is illustrated in UKMoths.
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
The cremaster is illustrated in British
leafminers and Bladmineerders van Europa.
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths.
The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: June - July, September - October (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: April and May and again in August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Distributed throughout the British
Isles (UKMoths),
including Anglesey, Banffshire, Bedfordshire, Breconshire, Caernarvonshire,
Cambridgeshire, Cheshire, Denbighshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, East Norfolk,
East Suffolk, Easterness, Edinburgh, Elgin, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Haddington, Hertfordshire, Isle of Wight, Kincardineshire, Kirkudbrightshire, Leicestershire, Merionethshire, Mid-west Yorkshire, North Aberdeenshire,
North Devon, North Ebudes, North Somerset,
Shropshire, South Aberdeenshire, South Lancashire, South Northumberland, South Somerset, South Wiltshire, South-east Yorkshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Stirlingshire,
West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Perthshire, West Ross, West Suffolk, Westmorland, Wigtownshire and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas) and Ireland (Fauna Europaea). This species is generally commoner in the northern
half of Britain (UKMoths).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Fauna Europaea and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Corsica, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia,
Finland, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Republic of Moldova, Norwegian mainland,
Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia - Central, East, North,
Northwest and South, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands
and Ukraine, Near East and Nearctic region (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
Cotoneaster
integerrimus, Malus
sylvestris, Prunus
avium, Prunus
padus, Pyrus
communis, Sorbus
aria, Sorbus
aucuparia, Sorbus
croceocarpa, Sorbus
devoniensis, Sorbus
domestica, Sorbus
intermedia, Sorbus
torminalis |
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
Chalcidoidea |
|
Achrysocharoides atys (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Achrysocharoides cilla (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis laomedon (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis nephereus (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis phryne (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Pediobius alcaeus (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Cirrospilus
lyncus Walker, 1841 |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Cirrospilus
vittatus Walker, 1838 |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Sympiesis gordius (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available |
|
Coloneura
stylata Förster, 1862 |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Colastes
braconius Haliday, 1833 |
Braconidae: Exothecinae |
Pholetesor circumscriptus (Nees, 1834) |
Braconidae: Microgastrinae |
Encrateola laevigata (Ratzeburg, 1848) |
Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae |
|