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(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)
by
Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds
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AMMI.
Bullwort and Toothpick-plant. [Apiaceae]
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Two
species of Ammi, Bullwort (A. majus) and Toothpick-plant
(A. visnaga), are recorded in Britain. Both are introduced.
Two British miners are recorded on Ammi.
A key to the European miners recorded on Ammi is provided in Bladmineerders van Europa.
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Bullwort
Ammi majus |
Key for the identification of the known mines of British
insects (Diptera and non-Diptera) recorded on Ammi
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1a > Leaf-miner: A large blotch, yellow or brown, preceded by a short corridor that
in the end mostly is completely overrun. Generally several larvae
share a mine. Especially in fresh mines the green primary and secondary
feeding lines are well visible. Pupation outside the mine.
Hering
(1957a) warns that the mines
cannot be separated from those of the rare Cryptaciura rotundiventris.
Mine is deep and leads to a blotch, which is usually coloured yellow or brown (British
leafminers) |
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Euleia heraclei pupariria
Image: © Willem Ellis (Bladmineerders van Europa) |
Polyphagous. On numerous genera of Apiaceae and possibly some Asteraceae, including Ammi, in Britain
and elsewhere. Throughout the British Isles. Also recorded in
the Republic of Ireland and most of the Palaearctic region, as
far east as Afghanistan.
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Euleia
heraclei (Linnaeus, 1758) [Diptera: Tephritidae]. |
1b > Leaf-miner: A distinctive mine primarily above mid-rib, with irregular short
lateral offshoots into leaf blade. Pupation external (Spencer, 1972:
51 (fig. 172), 55; Spencer, 1976:
270, 271 (fig. 486)).
Branched,
whitish, upper-surface corridor; main axis overlying the midrib;
side branches overlying the main lateral veins. (In Campanula and Phyteuma the mine is much less branched, sometimes nothing
more than a corridor on top of the midrib). Frass in rather long
strings. Usually the mines begins as a long and narrow, shallow,
tortuous lower-surface corridor that ends upon the midrib but otherwise
is not associated with the leaf venation. Often this initial corridor
is filled with callus, and then even less conspicuous. Pupation
outside the mine.
A
linear mine on the upper surface, usually following the midrib and
showing side branches along the veins. The frass is in strings. |
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Polyphagous. On more than 40 host genera in 15 families, but not yet on Ammi, in Britain. Widespread
throughout Britain. Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland. Widespread in continental Europe.
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Liriomyza
strigata (Meigen, 1830) [Diptera: Agromyzidae]. |
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