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Stem-miner:An inconspicuous external stem mine, frass in widely-spaced grains. Pupation in the mine (Spencer, 1972b: 27).

The mine begins as a corridor in a leaf, descends from there as a rind mine; there also the pupation (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

The larva is described by de Meijere (1937: 186, as O. sp.) and Dempewolf (2001: 77). Posterior spiracles each with 4-5 bulbs (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

Black; posterior spiracles each with 4-5 bulbs (Spencer, 1972b: 27).

Comments: Galium mollugo is treated as Galium album (Hedge Bedstraw) by Stace (2010).

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Rubiaceae
Galium	mollugo	Hedge Bedstraw		Spencer, 1972b: 119

Hosts elsewhere:

Rubiaceae
Asperula				Spencer, 1990: 236
Galium	mollugo	Hedge Bedstraw		Bladmineerders van Europa
Galium	mollugo	Hedge Bedstraw		Spencer, 1972b
Galium	mollugo	Hedge Bedstraw		Dempewolf, 2001: 77
Galium	odoratum	Woodruff		Bladmineerders van Europa
Galium	sylvaticum	Scotchmist		Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - mines: June-July and August-September (Hering, 1957).

Time of year - adults: August-September.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Uncommon. Suffolk (Woodditton Wood) and Surrey (Betchworth) (Spencer, 1972b: 27).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Germany (Dempewolf, 2001: 77; Bladmineerders van Europa), Corsica, Czech Republic, French mainland, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Spanish mainland (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown.