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Zeugophora turneri Power, 1863 Zeugophora turneri Power, 1863 |
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Leaf-miner: All western European Zeugophora make large, blackish brown, upper-surface blotch. Oviposition at the leaf underside, in a small pit, that is covered by secretion. These oviposition marks remain visible as small, transparent points Larva: The larvae of beetles have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles and lack abdominal legs (see examples). The larvae of Zeugophora species are yellow and flattened. They live communal, and leave the mine through an upper-surface exit slit (see Bladmineerders van Europa). Four Zeugophora species are known from Europe: flavicollis, scutellaris, subspinosa and turneri. (The Fauna Europaea (2007) mentions a fifth species, Z. frontalis, but there is wide consensus that this is but a colour form of scutellaris). The four remaining species make large, blackish-brown upper-surface blotches. The eggs are deposited at the leaf underside; they are inserted in a small pit, that is covered by secretion (Urban, 1922a). This oviposition site remains visible as a transparant spot in the mine, often near its border. The larva is yellow, flattened, and legless. They live in a small group in the mine, vacating the mine before pupation through an upper-surface exit slit. See Warchalowski (2003a) for a key to beetles of Z. flavicollis, scutellaris, subspinosa and turneri. Only shortly ago I discovered the key to the Zeugophora species of North America and Europe by Jong Eun Lee (1998a). Unfortunately, Jong Eun Lee has not taken Z. turneri into account. Quite confusing however is that he states that the mandibles of the other three European species have mandibles with 2 teeth, while both Steinhausen (1994a) and Urban (1922a) write that flavicollis has 3 mandibular teeth. Also an illustration of the larva of Z. scutellaris in Lawson (1991a) shows three, equal sized, teeth (Bladmineerders van Europa). Pupa: The pupae of beetles have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples). Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time of year - larvae: Currently unknown. Time of year - adults: Currently unknown. Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Apparently a northern species, recorded in East Ross, East Sutherland, Easterness, Elgin and South Aberdeen (NBN Atlas). Distribution elsewhere: Poland (Audisio in Fauna Europaea). NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown. |
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| Last updated 20-Oct-2019 Brian Pitkin |  |
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