The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects
 

(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)

by Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds

 

Tischeria ekebladella (Bjerkander, 1795)
[Lepidoptera: Tischeriidae]

Oak Carl


Phalaena ekebladella Bjerkander, 1795. Acta. Holm. 58: pl. 2 figs. 1, 3.
Tinea complanella
Hübner, 1817. Samml. Europ. Schmett. 9 (2): 179.
Tischeria ekebladella
(Bjerkander, 1795).


Leaf-miner: A whitish blotch on upper side of leaf. As the mine ages it can become a very pale brown colour (British leafminers).

Milky white upper-surface primary blotch, sometimes with an orange hue; no trace of a preceding corridor. The inside is lined with much silk, but the mine remains completely flat. The larva soon starts making of a discoid cocoon, about in the centre of the mine. When not feeding it rests in a horshoe-like posture in its cocoon. The mine contains practically no frass, which is removed through a cut in the upper epidermis near the margin of the mine. Pupation within the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).

The larva is illustrated in British leafminers and Bladmineerders van Europa.

Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).

Pupation takes place in the mine, inside a circular chamber (UKMoths). The pupa is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.

Adult: The adult is illustrated in UKMoths. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Fagaceae        
Castanea       British leafminers
Castanea sativa Sweet Chestnut British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Pitkin & Plant
Quercus       British leafminers
Quercus       UKMoths
Quercus petraea Sessile Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Pitkin & Plant
Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Pitkin & Plant

Hosts elsewhere:

Fagaceae        
Castanea mollissima     Bladmineerders van Europa
Castanea sativa Sweet Chestnut British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Belgian Lepidoptera
Castanea sativa Sweet Chestnut British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus cerris Turkey Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus dalechampii     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus faginea     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus frainetto     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus macranthera     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus macrocarpa     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus macrolepis     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus pedunculiflora     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus petraea Sessile Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Belgian Lepidoptera
Quercus petraea Sessile Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus pubescens Downy Oak   Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Belgian Lepidoptera
Quercus robur Pedunculate Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus rubra Red Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Belgian Lepidoptera
Quercus rubra Red Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus serrata     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus x turneri     Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - larvae: September - November (British leafminers).

Time of year - adults: May and June (UKMoths).

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Fairly common in deciduous woodland throughout much of Britain (UKMoths), including Anglesey, Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire, Cheshire, Cumberland, Denbighshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, East Cornwall, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Ross, East Suffolk, East Sutherland, Easterness, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Herefordshire, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Kincardineshire, Kirkudbrightshire, Leicestershire, Merionethshire, Middlesex, Montgomeryshire, North Devon, North Essex, North Hampshire, North Northumberland, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Pembrokeshire, Shropshire, South Aberdeenshire, South Devon, South Hampshire, South Lancashire, South Wiltshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Stirlingshire, Surrey, West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, West Sussex, Westmorland, Wigtownshire, and Worcestershire (NBN Atlas), the Channel Is. (Fauna Europaea).

See also British leafminers distribution map.

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (Fauna Europaea and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Corsica, Crete, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Kaliningrad Region, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia - Central, East and Northwest, Sardinia, Slovakia, Slovenia, ? Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Ukraine (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

Castanea sativa, Quercus cerris, Quercus frainetto, Quercus petraea, Quercus pubescens, Quercus robur, Quercus rubra, Quercus x turneri

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:

Chalcidoidea  
Achrysocharoides cilla (Walker, 1839) Eulophidae: Entedoninae
Achrysocharoides splendens (Delucchi, 1954) Eulophidae: Entedoninae
Chrysocharis nautius (Walker, 1846) Eulophidae: Entedoninae
Chrysocharis nephereus (Walker, 1839) Eulophidae: Entedoninae
Closterocerus trifasciatus Westwood, 1833 Eulophidae: Entedoninae
Cirrospilus diallus Walker, 1838 Eulophidae: Eulophinae
Cirrospilus lyncus Walker, 1841 Eulophidae: Eulophinae
Cirrospilus viticola (Rondani, 1877) Eulophidae: Eulophinae
Pnigalio agraules (Walker, 1839) Eulophidae: Eulophinae
Pnigalio longulus (Zetterstedt, 1838) Eulophidae: Eulophinae
Sympiesis dolichogaster Ashmead, 1888 Eulophidae: Eulophinae
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available  
Coloneura stylata Förster, 1862 Braconidae: Alysiinae
Eubazus semirugosus (Nees, 1816) Braconidae: Brachistinae
Charmon extensor (Linnaeus, 1758) Braconidae: Charmontinae
Adelius subfasciatus Haliday, 1833 Braconidae: Cheloninae
Colastes braconius Haliday, 1833 Braconidae: Exothecinae
Pholetesor bicolor (Nees, 1834) Braconidae: Microgastrinae
Diadegma anurum (Thomson, 1887) Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae
Diadegma elishae (Bridgman, 1884) Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae
Dusona circumcinctus (Forster, 1868) Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae
Scambus brevicornis (Gravenhorst, 1829) Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae
Scambus inanis (Schrank, 1802) Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae
Scambus calobatus (Gravenhorst, 1829) Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae
Scambus sagax (Hartig, 1838) Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae


External links: Search the internet:
Belgian Lepidoptera
Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea
NBN Atlas
NHM UK Checklist
UKMoths
Find using Google
Find using Google Scholar
Find images using Google


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Last updated 20-Oct-2019  Brian Pitkin Top of page