The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects
 

(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)

by Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds

 

Stigmella suberivora (Stainton, 1869)
[Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae]

Holm-oak Pigmy


Nepticula suberivora Stainton, 1869. Tin. South Europ.: 228
Stigmella suberivora
(Stainton, 1869).


Leaf-miner: A broad twisting gallery, almost frass filled (British leafminers).

Egg at the upperside of the leaf. The mine is an irregular, broad corridor with a conspicuous, broad, black frass line that almost fills the gallery, leaving only a narrow transparant zone at either side. Pupation external (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).

Yellow; laying dorsum upwards in the mine. Gustafsson and van Nieukerken (1990a) give a description (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).

Adult: The adult is not illustrated in UKMoths (check for update). The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Fagaceae        
Quercus ilex Evergreen Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. British leafminers
Quercus ilex Evergreen Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Pitkin & Plant

Hosts elsewhere:

Fagaceae        
Quercus coccifera     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus ilex Evergreen Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia     Bladmineerders van Europa
Quercus suber Cork Oak British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - larvae: July, October - March (British leafminers).

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Britain including Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Dorset, East Cornwall, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, Glamorgan, Hertfordshire, Isle of Wight, Leicestershire, Middlesex, North Essex, North Somerset, Pembrokeshire, South Devon, West Gloucestershire, West Norfolk and West Suffolk (NBN Atlas).

See also British leafminers distribution map.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including ? Balearic Is., Bosnia and Herzegovina, Corsica, Croatia, French mainland, Italian mainland, Portuguese mainland, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovenia and Spanish mainland. Also recorded in North Africa (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

Quercus ilex, Quercus suber

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:

Chalcidoidea  
Cirrospilus vittatus Walker, 1838 Eulophidae: Eulophinae
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available  
Mirax rufilabris Haliday, 1833 Braconidae: Miracinae


External links: Search the internet:
Belgian Lepidoptera
Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea
NBN Atlas
NHM UK Checklist
UKMoths
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Last updated 12-Jul-2019  Brian Pitkin Top of page