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Leaf-miner: The frass is arranged in a spiral and a circular blotch is formed (British leafminers).

Egg at the underside of the leaf. The mine is an upper-surface blotch without anything like a preceding corridor. The blotch is about circular, but my have broad lobes. Black frass grains lie in indistinct arcs or spirals, glued to the upper epidermis, and forming a cark central patch. The larva can leave a mined leaf, and restart elsewhere. Pupation external (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).

Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).Described by Patocka (2000a) and Patocka and Turcani (2005a) (Bladmineerders van Europa). Cocoon spun beneath the leaf (British leafminers).

Adult: The adult is not illustrated in UKMoths (check for update). The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Fabaceae
Lotus	corniculatus	Common Bird's-foot-trefoil		British leafminers
Lotus	corniculatus	Common Bird's-foot-trefoil		Pitkin & Plant
Lotus	pedunculatus			British leafminers, as Lotus uliginosus

Hosts elsewhere:

Fabaceae
Coronilla	coronata	Scorpion-vetch		Bladmineerders van Europa
Dorycnium	pentaphyllum	Badassi		Bladmineerders van Europa
Dorycnium	pentaphyllum subsp. germanicum			Bladmineerders van Europa
Lotus	corniculatus	Common Bird's-foot-trefoil		Belgian Lepidoptera
Lotus	corniculatus	Common Bird's-foot-trefoil		Bladmineerders van Europa
Lotus	pedunculatus	Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil		Bladmineerders van Europa
Lotus	pedunculatus	Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil		Bladmineerders van Europa, as Lotus uliginosus
Lotus	uliginosus			Belgian Lepidoptera
Securigera	coronata			Bladmineerders van Europa
Tetragonolobus	maritimus	Dragon's-teeth		Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - larvae: June-July; August-September (British leafminers).

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: England including Cambridgeshire, Dorset, East Norfolk, Isle of Wight, North Hampshire, South Hampshire, Surrey, West Norfolk and West Suffolk (NBN Atlas).

See also British leafminers distribution map.

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland. See Ireland's National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Slovakia, Switzerland and The Netherlands (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: