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(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)
by
Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds
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CRASSOCEPHALUM.
[Asteraceae]
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Only
one species of Crassocephalum is recorded in Britain. It
is introduced.
Two British miners are recorded on Crassocephalum.
A key to the European miners recorded on Crassocephalum is provided in Bladmineerders van Europa. |
Key for the identification of the known mines of British
insects (Diptera and non-Diptera) recorded on Crassocephalum
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1a > Leaf-miner: A distinctive mine primarily above mid-rib, with irregular short
lateral offshoots into leaf blade. Pupation external (Spencer, 1972:
51 (fig. 172), 55; Spencer, 1976:
270, 271 (fig. 486)).
Branched,
whitish, upper-surface corridor; main axis overlying the midrib;
side branches overlying the main lateral veins. (In Campanula and Phyteuma the mine is much less branched, sometimes nothing
more than a corridor on top of the midrib). Frass in rather long
strings. Usually the mines begins as a long and narrow, shallow,
tortuous lower-surface corridor that ends upon the midrib but otherwise
is not associated with the leaf venation. Often this initial corridor
is filled with callus, and then even less conspicuous. Pupation
outside the mine.
A
linear mine on the upper surface, usually following the midrib and
showing side branches along the veins. The frass is in strings. |
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Polyphagous. On more than 40 host genera in 15 families, but not yet on Crassocephalum, in Britain,. Widespread
throughout Britain. Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland.
Widespread in continental Europe.
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Liriomyza strigata (Meigen, 1830) [Diptera: Agromyzidae]. |
1b > Leaf-miner: An irregular linear mine, which in small leaves can form a secondary
blotch.
Long,
upper-surface corridor, winding through the leaf and frequently
crossing itself; in small leaves often a secondary blotch in the
end. Frass in short strings and pearl chains. Pupation outside the
mine.
An irregular gallery, sometimes crossing over, with black frass arranged as elongate very narrow streaks at the sides of the mine. |
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On Aster, Bellis and Solidago, but not yet on Crassocephalum, in Britain and additional
genera of Asteraceae elsewhere. Widespread in Britain. Also recorded
in the Republic of Ireland. Widespread and common in much of continental Europe.
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Liriomyza
pusilla (Meigen, 1830) [Diptera: Agromyzidae]. |
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