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Leaf-miner: Upper-surface, unusually short corridor (ca. 4 cm). Sometimes several mines in a leaf. Pupation outside the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

Posterior spiracles each with an ellipse of 8-9 bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 268).

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

Brown (Bladmineerders van Europa). Posterior spiracles each with an ellipse of 8-9 bulbs (Spencer, 1972b: 54).

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Poaceae
? Agrostis				Robbins, 1991: 140
Arrhenatherum				Robbins, 1991: 140
Arrhenatherum	elatius	False Oat-grass		Spencer, 1972b: 122
? Tragopogon	pratensis	Goat's-beard		Spencer, 1972b: 122
? Tragopogon	pratensis	Goat's-beard		Mines in BMNH
? Tragopogon	pratensis	Goat's-beard		Robbins, 1991

Comments: This seems an unlikely combination of host plants.

Hosts elsewhere:

Poaceae
Arrhenatherum	elatius	False Oat-grass		Spencer, 1976: 267
Arrhenatherum	elatius	False Oat-grass		Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - mines: July, October.

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Huntingdonshire (Woodwalton Fen and Monk's Wood), Devon (Dawlish, Paignton and Torquay) (Spencer, 1972b: 54), ? Warwickshire (Brandon and Packington) (Robbins, 1991: 140); Denbighshire, Monmouthshire, South-west Yorkshire and West Suffolk (NBN Atlas).

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Martinez, 200 in Fauna Europaea).

Distribution elsewhere: An uncommon species recorded from Netherlands, Austria and Germany (Spencer, 1976: 267), Belgium (Scheirs, de Bruyn and Verdyck, 1993), Czech Republic, Denmark, French mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland and Poland (Martinez, 200 in Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: