Leaf-miner: A whitish blotch on upper side of leaf. As the mine ages it can
become a very pale brown colour (British
leafminers).
Milky
white upper-surface primary blotch, sometimes with an orange hue;
no trace of a preceding corridor. The inside is lined with much
silk, but the mine remains completely flat. The larva soon starts
making of a discoid cocoon, about in the centre of the mine. When
not feeding it rests in a horshoe-like posture in its cocoon. The
mine contains practically no frass, which is removed through a cut
in the upper epidermis near the margin of the mine. Pupation within
the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
The larva is illustrated in British
leafminers and Bladmineerders van Europa.
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
Pupation takes place in the mine, inside a circular chamber (UKMoths).
The pupa is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths.
The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: September - November (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: May and June (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Fairly common in deciduous woodland
throughout much of Britain (UKMoths),
including Anglesey, Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire,
Cheshire, Cumberland, Denbighshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, East Cornwall, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Ross, East Suffolk, East Sutherland, Easterness, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Herefordshire, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Kincardineshire, Kirkudbrightshire, Leicestershire, Merionethshire, Middlesex,
Montgomeryshire, North Devon, North Essex, North Hampshire, North Northumberland, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Pembrokeshire, Shropshire, South Aberdeenshire,
South Devon, South Hampshire, South Lancashire, South Wiltshire,
South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Stirlingshire, Surrey, West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire,
West Kent, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, West Sussex, Westmorland, Wigtownshire, and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas), the Channel Is. (Fauna Europaea).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (Fauna Europaea and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Albania,
Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Corsica, Crete, Croatia, Czech Republic,
Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek
mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Kaliningrad Region, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese
mainland, Romania, Russia - Central, East and Northwest, Sardinia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, ? Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The
Netherlands and Ukraine (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
Chalcidoidea |
|
Achrysocharoides cilla (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Achrysocharoides splendens (Delucchi, 1954) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis nautius (Walker, 1846) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis nephereus (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Closterocerus
trifasciatus Westwood, 1833 |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Cirrospilus
diallus Walker, 1838 |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Cirrospilus
lyncus Walker, 1841 |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Cirrospilus viticola (Rondani, 1877) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Pnigalio agraules (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Pnigalio longulus (Zetterstedt, 1838) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Sympiesis dolichogaster Ashmead, 1888 |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available |
|
Coloneura
stylata Förster, 1862 |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Eubazus semirugosus (Nees, 1816) |
Braconidae: Brachistinae |
Charmon extensor (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Braconidae: Charmontinae |
Adelius subfasciatus Haliday, 1833 |
Braconidae: Cheloninae |
Colastes
braconius Haliday, 1833 |
Braconidae: Exothecinae |
Pholetesor bicolor (Nees, 1834) |
Braconidae: Microgastrinae |
Diadegma anurum (Thomson, 1887) |
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae |
Diadegma elishae (Bridgman, 1884) |
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae |
Dusona circumcinctus (Forster, 1868) |
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae |
Scambus brevicornis (Gravenhorst, 1829) |
Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae |
Scambus inanis (Schrank, 1802) |
Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae |
Scambus calobatus (Gravenhorst, 1829) |
Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae |
Scambus sagax (Hartig, 1838) |
Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae |
|