Leaf-miner: The mine is long, filled with green frass to ¼, then linear
(British
leafminers).
Oviposition
generally at the underside of the leaf. The mine is a slender corridor
that hardly widens, even towards the end. The first third is stuffed
with diffuse greenish brown frass. After a moult the frass pattern
changes completely, into a very narrow, continuous black line. The
mine often follows a thick vein over a long distance, but the larva
is capable of crossing thick veins, even the midrib (Bladmineerders van Europa).
The mine is also illustrated in UKMoths.
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
The larva is a greenish white, head brown (British
leafminers).
Pale
yellowish green, head dark; the larva lies venter-downwards in the
mine. See Gustafsson and van Nieukerken (1990a) for a detailed
description (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: Mid June - early July (British
leafminers; UKMoths).
Time
of year - adults: Single-generation on the wing in May (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Fairly common throughout the
British Isles (UKMoths)
including Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire,
Carmarthenshire, Cheshire, Denbighshire, Derbyshire, East Kent,
East Norfolk, East Ross, East Suffolk, Easterness, Glamorgan, Herefordshire,
Huntingdonshire, Kincardineshire, Mid-west Yorkshire, Middlesex, Monmouthshire,
North Aberdeenshire, North Devon, North Ebudes, North Essex, North Hampshire,
North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Northamptonshire, Shropshire, South Aberdeenshire, South Hampshire, South Lancashire, South Wiltshire, South-east Yorkshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey, Warwickshire,
West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, Westmorland and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Fauna Europaea and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland,
French mainland, Germany, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norwegian
mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia - Central,
North and Northwest, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, The
Netherlands and Yugoslavia. Also
recorded in East Palaearctic (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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