Leaf-miner: A gallery, with coiled frass in central part (British
leafminers).
Oviposition
generally at the upperside of the leaf, and not far from the leaf
margin. The mine is a rather wide corridor, that often crosses a
vein, and almost invariably runs from somewhere near the leaf margin
in the direction of the midrib. Its first part is quite narrow,
with a narrow central frass line. The next section is wider, and
here the frass is distinctly coiled. In the final section the frass
lies somewhat more irregular, and in a rather narrow central zone
(Bladmineerders van Europa).
The
mine is also illustrated in the Encyclopedia of Life.
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
The larva is whitish-yellow, head pale brown (British
leafminers).
Described
by Gustafsson and van Nieukerken (1990a) (Bladmineerders van Europa). See also NBDC interactive map.
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths and the Encyclopedia of Life. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae:
Time
of year - adults:
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread including Anglesey, Banffshire, Bedfordshire, Breconshire, Buckinghamshire, Caernarvonshire, Caithness, Cheshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, Dumfriesshire, Dunbartonshire, Durham, East Cornwall, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Ross, East Suffolk, East Sussex, Easterness, Edinburgh, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Haddington, Herefordshire,Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Kincardineshire, Kirkudbrightshire, Leicestershire, Linlithgow, Main Argyll, Mid-west Yorkshire, Middlesex, North Aberdeenshire, North Hampshire, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Nottinghamshire, Pembrokeshire, Shropshire, South Aberdeenshire, South Hampshire, South Northumberland, South Somerset, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Stirling, Surrey, Warwickshire, West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, Westmorland (NBN
Atlas).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also recorded in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland (Fauna Europaea and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).
Distribution
elsewhere: mWidespread in continental Europe including Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corsica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden,
Switzerland, The Netherlands and Ukraine (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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