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Phyllonorycter
salictella (Zeller, 1846) Willow Midget Lithocolletis
salictella
Zeller, 1846. Linn. Ent.
1: 207, t. 1 fig. 16. |
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Comments: Phyllonorycter viminiella (Sircom, 1848) is treated as a junior synonym of Phyllonorycter salictella (Zeller, 1846) in Belgian Lepidoptera, Bladmineerders van Europa and Fauna Europaea. If the two names are indeed synonymous then the earliest, and therefore senior name, is Phyllonorycter salictella (Zeller, 1846). The NBN Atlas treats viminiella (Sircom, 1848) as a subsp. of Phyllonorycter salictella (Zeller, 1846), along with the nominate subsp. salictella (Zeller, 1846). UKMoths and Agassiz, Beavan and Heckford, 2013 in the Checklist only include Phyllonorycter viminiella (Sircom, 1848); and Agassiz, Beavan and Heckford, 2013 in the Checklist includes Phyllonoryter salictella sensu auctt. (nec. Zeller) as a junior synonym Phyllonorycter viminiella (Sircom, 1848). The Hymenopterists recognise two species each with a different suite of parasitoids. According to Agassiz (pers. comm.) "The taxa [salictella and viminiella] look different" and "traditionally British specimens have been referred to viminiella". Leaf-miner: Rather large, lower-surface tenntiform mine, generally against the leaf margin, often low in the leaf. Lower epidermis strongly folded; the mine is strongly contracted, causing the leaf margin to fold tube-like over the mine. All frass packed in a corner of the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa, as salictella). Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples). Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples). The pupa is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa. Adult: The adult is illustrated in UKMoths (as Phyllonorycter viminiella). The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk. Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time of year - larvae: Currently unknown. Time of year - adults: The adults fly in May and June and again in August (UKMoths, as viminiella). Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: A species generally inhabiting wetland habitats, the distribution of this moth extends throughout England and Wales and into southern Scotland and there are scattered records from Ireland and northern Scotland (UKMoths, as Phyllonorycter viminiella) including Anglesey, Bedfordshire, Cardiganshire, Carmarthenshire, Denbighshire, Dorset, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, Glamorgan, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Middlesex, North-east Yorkshire, Shropshire, South Devon, Stafford, West Gloucestershire, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, Westmorland and Worcestershire (NBN Atlas). See also British leafminers distribution map (as viminiella). Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Republic of Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia - Central, North and Northwest, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Ukraine. Also recorded in East Palaearctic (Fauna Europaea). NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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