Leaf-miner: The lower surface of the mine can have small creases and appear
reddish (British
leafminers).
Lower
surface oval tentiform mine, without a fixed position on the leaf.
The mine is yellowish, sometimes tinged with red; black when old.
Frass stacked in one corner of the mine, the almost black pupa,
in a very flimsy cocoon, in the other (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
The larva is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
The cremaster is illustrated in British
leafminers. The pupa is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths by Martin Kennard.The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: June; August-October (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: A rare miner in the UK, discovered
in 1977 in Gloucestershire (British
leafminers) and subsequently recorded from Caernarvonshire,
Denbighshire, Flintshire, Huntingdonshire and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland,
French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central,
East, North, Northwest and South, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland,
The Netherlands and Ukraine. Also present in East Palaearctic and
Near East (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
|