Leaf-miner: The mine is 15-20 mm long with several creases in lower epidermis.
It is lower side, strongly arched; a central green patch with brown
flecks around edges (British
leafminers).
Lower-surface
tentiform mine, usually between two side veins. Pupa in white cocoon
in a corner of the mine, attached to both the roof and the floor
of the mine; frass heaped in opposite corner (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
The larva is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
The pupa is illustrated in British
leafminers and Bladmineerders van Europa.
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: July, September - October (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Two generations, flying in May and August
(UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Found throughout Britain (UKMoths)
including Anglesey, Bedfordshire, Breconshire, Buckinghamshire, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire, Cheshire, Cumberland, Denbighshire,
Derbyshire, Dorset, East Cornwall, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Suffolk,
East Sutherland, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Haddington, Herefordshire, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Kincardineshire, Leicestershire, Main Argyll, Merionethshire, Mid Ebudes, Mid-west Yorkshire, Middlesex,
Montgomeryshire, North Aberdeenshire, North Ebudes, North Hampshire, North Lincolshire, North Northumberland, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Shropshire, South Aberdeenshire,
South Devon, South Hampshire, South Northumberland, South Somerset, South Wiltshire,
South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Stirlingshire, Surrey, West Conrwall, West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Lancashire,
West Norfolk, West Suffolk, Westerness, Westmorland and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (Fauna Europaea and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia,
Finland, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Republic of Moldova, Norwegian mainland,
Poland, Romania, Russia - Central and Northwest, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Ukraine
(Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
Chalcidoidea |
|
Achrysocharoides latreillii (Curtis, 1826) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Achrysocharoides splendens (Delucchi, 1954) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis nephereus (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Pediobius alcaeus (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Sympiesis gordius (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available |
|
Coloneura
stylata Förster, 1862 |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Colastes
braconius Haliday, 1833 |
Braconidae: Exothecinae |
Pholetesor bicolor (Nees, 1834) |
Braconidae: Microgastrinae |
Pholetesor circumscriptus (Nees, 1834) |
Braconidae: Microgastrinae |
Pholetesor nanus (Reinhard, 1880) |
Braconidae: Microgastrinae |
Rhysipolis hariolator (Haliday, 1836) |
Braconidae: Rhysipolinae |
Diadegma elishae (Bridgman, 1884) |
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae |
Scambus calobatus (Gravenhorst, 1829) |
Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae |
Scambus inanis (Schrank, 1802) |
Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae |
|