Leaf-miner: The leaf surface is often contorted. Can be confused with P.
dubitella (British
leafminers).
Rather
large, lower-surface tentiform mine, mostly between two side veins.
The upperside is fairly strongly inflated. The underside has many
narrow folds, not easily seen because of the indumentum at the underside
of the leaf. Frass pakced in a corner of the mine. Neither mine,
cocoon nor pupa can be distinguished from those of Ph. dubitella
(Gregor and Patocka, 2001a) (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
Pupa light brown in a tough, golden cocoon (Bladmineerders van Europa). The cremaster is illustrated in British
leafminers.
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths.
The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Comments:
Primarily on Salix caprea. Hartig (1939a) adds Salix appendiculata (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: July, September-October (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: The species is bivoltine, with a flight period
in late May and June and again in August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: A common moth, found widespread
throughout Britain (UKMoths)
including Anglesey, Ayrshire, Bedfordshire, Breconshire, Caernarvonshire,
Cambridgeshire, Cardinganshire, Denbighshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, Dunbartonshire, Durham, East Cornwall, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Ross, East Suffolk, East Suffolk, Easterness, Edinburgh, Elgin, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Haddington, Herefordshire,
Hertforshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Kincardineshire, Kirkudbrightshire, Linlithgow, Merionethshire, North Aberdeenshire,
North Devon, North Hampshire, North Northumberland, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Northamptonshire, Radnorshire, Shropshire, South Aberdeenshire,
South Lancashire, South Somerset, South Northumberland, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford,
Stirlingshire, West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Perthshire, West Suffolk, Westmorland, Wigtownshire, and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (Fauna Europaea and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belgium, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French
mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Norwegian mainland, Poland, Russia - Central, East, North and Northwest,
Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands
and Ukraine. Also recorded in the East Palaearctic (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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