Leaf-miner: The
mine is large, occupying most of leaf. The lower epidermis with
several strong creases (British
leafminers).
Lower-surface,
white, inflated tentiform mine, that may occupy the entire leaf.
The mine causes the leaf to roll lengthwise (the folds in the lower
epidermis run from leaf base to tip). Pupa in a tough, papery cocoon;
in fresh mines its colour is olive green, later it changes into
pale brown (Bladmineerders van Europa).
The mine is also illustrated in UKMoths.
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
The cocoon and pupa are illustrated in British
leafminers. The cremaster is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa).
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Watch a video of the adult.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: July, September - October (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Britain including Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire,
Denbighshire, Derbyshire, Durham, East Kent, East Norfolk, Glamorgan, Hertfordshire, Isle of Wight, North Essex, North Hampshire, North Somerset, Pembrokeshire, Shropshire, South Essex, South Hampshire,
South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, South Essex, South Hampshire, South Somerset, South-west Yorkshire, Surrey, West Gloucestershire and West Kent (NBN
Atlas).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Fauna Europaea).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia,
Finland, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia,
Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania,
Russia - Central, Northwest and South, Sardinia, Slovakia, Sweden,
Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine. Also recorded in East Palaearctic,
Near East and Nearctic region (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
Chalcidoidea |
|
Achrysocharoides cilla (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis laomedon (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis nephereus (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis phryne (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Sympiesis dolichogaster Ashmead, 1888 |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Sympiesis gordius (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available |
|
Coloneura
stylata Förster, 1862 |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Colastes
braconius Haliday, 1833 |
Braconidae: Exothecinae |
Pholetesor bicolor (Nees, 1834) |
Braconidae: Microgastrinae |
Pholetesor circumscriptus (Nees, 1834) |
Braconidae: Microgastrinae |
Rhysipolis meditator (Haliday, 1836) |
Braconidae: Rhysipolinae |
Diadegma lithocolletis Horstmann, 1969 |
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae |
Diadegma melanium (Thomson, 1887) |
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae |
Diadegma parvicanda (Thomson, 1887) |
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae |
Enytus parvicanda (Thomson, 1887) |
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae |
Porizon transfuga (Gravenhorst, 1829) |
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae |
Bathythrix prominens (Strobl 1901) |
Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae |
Encrateola laevigata (Ratzeburg, 1848) |
Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae |
Scambus inanis (Schrank, 1802) |
Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae |
Scambus signatus (Pfeffer, 1913) |
Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae |
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