Leaf-miner: A small mine (about 1cm long), which strongly arches the leaf.
The mine of Parornix betulae can appear similar, but the
underside becomes brown whereas the mine of P. anderidae stays green (British
leafminers).
Small
lower-surface tentiform mine; epidermis pale green, rather weakly
folded. The pupa lies without a cocoon in the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
The cremaster is illustrated in British
leafminers and Bladmineerders van Europa.
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: July, September - November (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in Britain including
Caernarvonshire, Denbighshire, Dorset, Durham, Elgin, Huntingdonshire, North Hampshire, Shropshire, South Essex,
South Hampshire, Stafford, Stirlingshire, Surrey, West Norfolk and West Perth (NBN
Atlas).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Belgium,
Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia,
Norwegian mainland, Poland, Russia - Central, Russia - North, Northwest
and South, Sweden, The Netherlands and Ukraine (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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