Leaf-miner: A
narrow gallery, often following the midrib, occasionally tinged
red at the edges. This leads to a yellowish blotch containing dispersed
frass (British
leafminers).
The
oval, iridescent egg is deposited at the upperside of the leaf,
mostly close to the midrib. Here starts a gallery, at first narrow
and hardly widening, the first cm not always full depth, often making
a few loops around the egg and/or running along the midrib for some
distance. Parts of the leaf cut off by a corridor loop often turn
red. Frass in small, grey grains, dispersed, not glued to floor
or ceiling of the mine. Later the larva makes a full depth blotch;
mostly in continuation to the corridor, but the larva can also leave
the mine and restart elsewhere, which may happen already at this
stage. A new mine begins with a hole where tha larva has gained
entrance, end ends in an untidy exit. The larva lies venter-upwards
in the mine. Pupation external (Bladmineerders van Europa).
The
mine is also illustrated in UKMoths.
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
The larva is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
On the ground amongst detritus (British
leafminers).
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths and the Encyclopedia
of Life. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: June - July, September (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Two generations in the year, flying during
May and again in August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Occurs over much of mainland
Britain (UKMoths),
including Anglesey, Banffshire, Bedfordshire, Breconshire, Caernarvonshire,
Cambridgeshire, Carmarthenshire, Cheshire, Cumberland, Denbighshire,
Derbyshire, Dorset, Dumfriesshire, Dunbartonshire, Durham, East Cornwall, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Ross, East Suffolk, East Sutherland,
Easterness, Edinburgh, Elgin, Fife, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Haddington, Herefordshire, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Kincardineshire, Leicestershire, Linlithgow, Main Argyll, Mid-west Yorkshire, Middlesex, Monmouthshire, Montgomeryshire, North Aberdeenshire, North Devon,
North Ebudes, North Essex, North Hampshire, North Northumberland, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, North-east Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Outer Hebrides, Pembrokeshire, Radnorshire, Shropshire, South Aberdeenshire, South Devon, South Essex,
South Hampshire, South Lancashire, South Northumberland, South-east Yorkshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey, Warwickshire, West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Perthshire, West Suffolk, West Sutherland, Westmorland, Wigtownshire and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (Fauna Europaea) See also Ireland's National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland,
French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central,
East, North and Northwest, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands
and Ukraine (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
Chamerion
angustifolium
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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