Leaf-miner: A gallery leading to whitish blotch. The larvae from the autumn
generation feed throughout the winter. Pupation occurs inside the
mine. Mines in shaded places can be large (British
leafminers).
Oviposition
at the upperside of the leaf. From there runs a short corridor that
widens into a long-elliptic blotch. The blotch is upper-surface,
whitish to yellow-brown; the larva lines the inside with much silk,
causing the mine to pucker slightly. All frass is ejected through
a small opening in the underside of the mine. Pupation within the
mine; the pupa is not enclosed in a cocoon (Bladmineerders van Europa)
The
mine is also illustrated (UKMoths).
Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
The larva is illustrated in British
leafminers, Bladmineerders van Europa and UKMoths.
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
The pupa is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Comments: The summer generation of this species is discussed in the British Leafminers Newsletter.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: July, September - March (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Two generations, May and June, and again in
August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: A common species throughout
Britain (UKMoths)
including Anglesey, Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Breconshire, Buckinghamshire, Caernarvonshire,
Cambridgeshire, Carmarthenshire, Cheshire, Cumberland, Denbighshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, Dumfriesshire, Durham, East Cornwall, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, East Sussex, Glamorgan, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Kirkudbrightshire, Leicestershire, Merionethshire, Middlesex,
Monmouthshire, North Hampshire, North Lincolnshire, North Northumberland, North Somerset, North Wiltshire,
Nottinghamshire, Pembrokeshire, Radnorshire, Shropshire, South Devon, South Hampshire, South Northumberland, South Somerset,
South Wiltshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey, West Cornwall,
West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, West Sussex, Westmorland and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas) and the Channel Is.
(Fauna Europaea).
See also British
leafminers distribution map, as Emmetia marginea.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Fauna Europaea).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Albania,
Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corsica, Crete, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Dodecanese Is., Finland, French
mainland, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Luxembourg,
Macedonia, North Aegean Is., Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania,
Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden,
Switzerland and The Netherlands (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown.
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