Leaf-miner:
The eggs of this species are laid on a leaf, with the larvae mining
the underside of the leaf, until a late instar when it feeds in
a web under the midrib of the leaf, causing visible blotching on
the upperside (UKMoths).
Short,
full depth corridor. The larva relatively long lives as a miner,
but finally leaves the mine and continues living in spinning along
the midrib at the leaf underside, from where windows are eaten in
the leaf (Bladmineerders van Europa).
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Mines of Agonopterix propinquella on Cirsium arvense
Image: © Ian Smith (UKMoths) |
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Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).
Larva with black head and prothoracic shield. Body, thoracic feet
and anal shield apple green; pinacula grey (Bladmineerders van Europa). The
larva is also illustrated in UKMoths.
Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
The larva pupates in August, usually amongst the leaf litter,
occasionally within the web. The pupa is illustrated
in UKMoths.
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths.
The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae:
July until early August (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Time
of year - adults: The adults emerge in a single generation in
September and hibernate through the winter, re-emerging in spring
(UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: England, Wales and southern
Scotland (UKMoths)
including Lancashire (Greater Manchester, Chorlton) (UKMoths);
Bedfordshire, Breconshire, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire, Carmarthenshire, Denbighshire, Derbyshire,
Dorset, Dumfriesshire, Durham, East Cornwall, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Leicestershire, North Essex, North Northumberland, Nottinghamshire, Shropshire, South Devon, South Lancashire, South-east Yorkshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, West Kent,
West Norfolk, West Suffolk, Westmorland, Wigtownshire and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas) and the Channel
Is. (Fauna Europaea).
Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland (National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).
Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Albania, Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia,
Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian
mainland, Kaliningrad Region, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Malta,
Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central, East, Northwest
and South, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The
Netherlands and Ukraine (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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