The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects
 

(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)

by Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds

 

PHLOMIS. Sages. [Lamiaceae]


Two species of Phlomis are recorded in Britain.

Two British miners rae recorded on Phlomis.

A key to the European miners recorded on Phlomis is provided in Bladmineerders van Europa.



Key for the identification of the known mines of British
insects (Diptera and non-Diptera) recorded on Phlomis


1a > Leaf-miner and case-bearer: The mines are large and obvious on the upper side of the leaf, betraying the larva or larvae on the lower side. Cases are broad and flat - being very hairy from the texture of the leaf. Immediately after emergence the larva makes a full depth, quickly widening, corridor, with frass as small grains in a broad central band. Finally results in a blotch of 2 x 5 mm, from which the young case is cut. The fully developed case is a hairy, greyish brown to silver grey lobe case case of about 1 cm long, with a clearly laterally compressed end; the mouth angle is about 90°. The case is difficult to separate from that of C. ochripennella.

On Ballota, Lamium, Marrubium and Stachys, but not yet on Phlomis, in Britain and Ballota, Lamiun, Marrubium, Phlomis and Stachys elsewhere. Widespread in England in Britain. Widespread in continental Europe.

Coleophora lineolea (Haworth, 1828) [Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae].

1b > Leaf-miner: An initially linear mine, which at second instar develops into a large whitish blotch with conspicuous black frass. The early linear mine is frequently entirely enveloped by the blotch but is detectable by the alternate irregular strips of frass. Pupation external (Spencer, 1976: 158).

The first part of the mine consists of a long, slender upper-surface corridor. After the first moult this changes into a large primary blotch without feeding lines. Frass in the corridor in short, somewhat angular thread fragments, towards the end even in grains. Frass arranged less closely along the sides than in A. lamii. Pupation outside the mine.

The frass is conspicuous in the mine and the mine is initially linear, then develops into a white blotch, often enveloping this early mine.

On Ajuga, Ballota, Glechoma, Lamium, Marrubium and Stachys, but not yet on Phlomis, in Britain and additional Lamiaceae elsewhere. In southern England and continental Europe.

Amauromyza morionella (Zetterstedt, 1848) [Diptera: Agromyzidae].



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