Phytomyza
solidaginis Hendel, 1920
[Diptera:
Agromyzidae]
Phytomyza
solidaginis Hendel, 1920. Arch. Naturgesch. 84A(7)
(1918):159, 160
Phytomyza solidaginis Hendel, 1920; Hendel, 1935. Fliegen
palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 479
Phytomyza solidaginis Hendel, 1920; Spencer, 1972b. Handbk
ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 76 (fig. 253), 80, 114
Phytomyza solidaginis Hendel, 1920; Spencer, 1976. Fauna
ent. Scand. 5(1): 501-2, figs 876-7.
Phytomyza solidaginis Hendel, 1920; Spencer, 1990. Host
specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 271, 274,
283, 284 (fig. 1086).
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Leaf-miner: A
conspicuous white mine with frass in more or less connected strips,
older mines can show a conspicuous reddish-violet discolouration
(Spencer, 1972b: 76 (fig.
253), 80; Spencer, 1976:
501).
Upper
surface corridor, 6-9 cm in length, densely wound, easily confluent
into a secondary blotch. Frass unusual, in more or less connected
strings at either side of the corridor. Pupation outside the mine,
exit slit usually in the upper epidermis. According to Hering dried
mines turn yellow brown to reddish purple (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larva is described by de Meijere (1926,
1928 and 1938a);
see also Griffiths (1976c).
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Black; posterior spiracles each with an ellipse of 10-17 bulbs Spencer,
1976: 501).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: August-September.
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in Britain including Kent (Darenth)
(Spencer, 1972b: 80); East Gloucestershire, Glamorgan,
North Ebudes and West Gloucestershire (NBN
Atlas). Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Belgium (de
Bruyn and von Tschirnhaus, 1991), Germany (Spencer,
1976: 578), Finland, Norway, Sweden (Spencer,
1976: 501), Poland (Spencer,
1990: 274) and Estonia (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
Chalcidoidea |
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Chrysocharis
liriomyzae Delucchi, 1954 |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Diglyphus
chabrias (Walker, 1838) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Diglyphus
isaea (Walker, 1838) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Pnigalio
soemius (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Glyphognathus
convexus (Delucchi, 1953) |
Pteromalidae: Miscogastrinae |
Glyphognathus laevis (Delucchi, 1953) |
Pteromalidae: Miscogastrinae |
Halticoptera
circulus (Walker, 1833) |
Pteromalidae: Miscogastrinae |
Miscogaster
maculata Walker, 1833 |
Pteromalidae: Miscogastrinae |
Seladerma
tarsale (Walker, 1833) |
Pteromalidae: Miscogastrinae |
Seladerma parviclava (Thomson, 1876) |
Pteromalidae: Miscogastrinae |
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available |
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Dacnusa
ocyroe Nixon, 1937 |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Apodesmia similis (Szépligeti, 1898) |
Braconidae: Opiinae |
Opius orbiculator (Nees, 1811) |
Braconidae: Opiinae |
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