Phytomyza
rufipes Meigen, 1830
[Diptera:
Agromyzidae]
Cabbage leaf
miner
Phytomyza
rufipes Meigen, 1830. Syst. Beschr. 6: 192
Phytomza sulphuripes Meigen, 1830. Syst. Beschr.
6: 193
Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830; Hendel, 1935. Fliegen
palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 471
Phytomyza ruficornis Zetterstedt, 1848. Dipt. Scand.
7: 2825
Phytomyza brassicae Hardy, 1853a. The Scottish Gardener
2(4): 118-120. [Synonymised by Bland, 2000: 11]
Phytomyza femoralis Brischke, 1871. Schr. naturf. Ges.
Danzig (N.F.) 5(1-2): 240
Phytomyza bistrigata Strobl, 1906. Mems R. Soc. esp.
Hist. nat. 3(1905): 384
Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830; Spencer, 1972b. Handbk
ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 10, 71, 75, 115
Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830; Spencer, 1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 489-90, figs 859-60
Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830; Spencer, 1990. Host
specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 85. 86,
88
Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830; Bland, 2000. Dipterists
Digest 7: 11.
|
Leaf
/ Stem-mine:
Oviposition takes place in the leaf blade where a short mine is
formed until the larva reaches the nearest vein which is then followed
downwards, with the main feeding occurring in the mid-rib, petiole,
or in young plants, also in the stem (Spencer,
1976: 490). Pupation either internal or external.
The
mine begins somewhere in the leaf, generally at the lower surface,
not far from the leaf margin. From there a corridor runs randomly,
until it hits upon a vein. The corridor then follows this vein until
it reaches the midrib. Then the larva starts to bore into the midrib,
and may descend into the petiole or even the stem. Pupation may
take place either within or outside the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
Posterior spiracles of larva with 25-30 bulbs (Spencer,
1973a).
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Yellow (Spencer, 1973a).
Comments:
A common pest of Brassica spp. in Europe (Spencer, 1990:
85-6).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Brassicaceae |
|
|
|
|
Alliaria |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Alliaria |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 85 |
Alliaria |
petiolata
|
Garlic
Mustard |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Armoracia |
rusticana |
Horse-Radish |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Brassica |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Brassica |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1973a |
Brassica |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 490 |
Brassica |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 85 |
Brassica |
napus
|
Rape |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Brassica |
oleracea
|
Wild
Cabbage |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Cerinthe |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Conringia |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Conringia |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 85 |
Diplotaxis |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Diplotaxis |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Diplotaxis |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 85 |
Moricandia |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Moricandia |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 85 |
Peltaria |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Peltaria |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 86 |
Raphanus |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Raphanus |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Raphanus |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 86 |
Rorippa |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Rorippa |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Sinapis |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Sinapis |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 86 |
Sinapis |
arvensis
|
Charlock |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Sisymbrium |
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
Time
of year - mines:
May-June (Hering, 1957).
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in Britain including Warwickshire
(Coventry and Corley) (Robbins,
1991: 30); Dunbartonshire (Bonhill) and E. Lothian (Spencer, 1972b: 75); Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire, Carmarthenshire, Durham, East Suffolk, Glamorgan, North Somerset, Nottinghamshire, Pembrokeshire, South-west Yorkshire and Surrey (NBN
Atlas).
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland: Co. Mayo (Westport) (Spencer, 1972b: 75). Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Denmark,
Finland, Norway, Sweden (Spencer,
1976: 490), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Belgium (Scheirs,
de Bruyn and Verdyck, 1993), Germany (Spencer,
1976: 578), Canary Is., Czech Republic, Estonia, European Turkey,
French mainland, Iceland, Italian mainland, Lithuania, Madeira,
Poland, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Switzerland and Yugoslavia (Fauna Europaea).
Also
recorded in Egypt, Canada and the U.S.A. (Spencer,
1976: 490). NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
Chalcidoidea |
|
Miscogaster
hortensis Walker, 1833 |
Pteromalidae: Miscogastrinae |
Pachyneuron
muscarum (Linnaeus, 1758) |
Pteromalidae: Pteromalinae |
Sphegigaster
pallicornis (Spinola, 1808) |
Pteromalidae: Pteromalinae |
Stenomalina
gracilis (Walker, 1934) |
Pteromalidae: Pteromalinae |
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available |
|
Chorebus
thusa (Nixon, 1937) |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Dacnusa
areolaris (Nees, 1811) |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Dacnusa
maculipes Thomson, 1895 |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Dacnusa
pubescens (Curtis, 1926) |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Dacnusa
stramineipes (Haliday, 1839) |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Dacnusa temula (Haliday, 1839) |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
|