Phytomyza
melana Hendel, 1920
[Diptera:
Agromyzidae]
Phytomyza
melana
Hendel, 1920. Arch. Naturgesch. 84A(7) (1918): 166
Phytomyza melana Hendel, 1920; Hendel, 1935. Fliegen
palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 429
Phytomyza melana Hendel, 1920; Spencer, 1972b. Handbk
ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 71, 86 (fig. 288, 88, 121
Phytomyza melana Hendel, 1920; Spencer, 1976. Fauna
ent. Scand. 5(1): 446-7, fig. 781.
Phytomyza melana Hendel, 1920; Spencer, 1990. Host specialization
in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 160, 169, 170 (fig.
628).
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Leaf-miner: A
short linear mine which considerably widens towards the end, normally
starting in the centre of the leaf (Spencer, 1972b: 86 (fig. 288); Spencer,
1976: 447).
A
short, narrow, upper-surface corridor, starting the in the centre
of the leaf, that suddenly widens strongly. The widened corridor
loosely follows the leaf margin. Frass in irregularly scattered
black granules. Primary feeding lines conspicuous. Pupation outside
the mine; according to Allen (1956a) the exit slit is in the upper
epidermis (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larva is described by Allen (1957b);
posterior spiracles each with approx., 13 bulbs; frontal appendix
absent (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Black, oval; posterior spiracles each with an ellipse of 12-15 bulbs
(Spencer, 1976: 447).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: June-September.
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Surrey (Egham) (Spencer, 1972b: 88), Warwickshire (Sutton Park and Alderman's Green) (Robbins,
1991: 65); Surrey (NBN
Atlas). Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Germany, the [former] U.S.S.R
(Ib, Byborg, Murula) (Spencer,
1976: 447) and Poland (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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