Phytomyza
medicaginis Hering, 1925
[Diptera:
Agromyzidae]
Phytomyza
medicaginis Hering, 1925. Z. Morph. Okol. Tiere 4:
510.
Phytomyza symphyti Hendel, 1935. Fliegen palaearkt. Reg.
6(2): 486. [Included as a synonym by Fauna
Europaea]
Phytomyza symphyti Hendel, 1935; Spencer, 1972b. Handbk
ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 86 (fig. 294), 90, 109
Phytomyza symphyti Hendel, 1935; Spencer, 1990. Host
specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) :198, 199,
200 (figs 746-7).
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Leaf-miner: Mine
initially linear, later developing into a whitish blotch, becoming
blackish. Pupation in mine on lower surface.
The
mine begins as an upper surface blotch in the centre of the leaf,
from where corridors radiate, each with one larva. After a while
these rays fuse, resulting in one large, brown, blotch. Frass in
irregular strings. Pupation in principle outside the mine, exit
slit in lower epidermis (always?). Often the puparium protrudes
from the opening (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larva is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Normally dark reddish-brown. The puparium is illustrated
in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Comments:
Martinez (2004 in Fauna Europaea) included symphyti Hendel (1935) as a junior
synonym of medicaginis Hering (1925).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: August, October.
Time
of year - adults: September-October.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Local but widespread. Oxfordshire
(Oxford), Devon (Slapton), Huntingdonshire (Woodwalton Fen), Derbyshire
(Miller's Dale) (Spencer, 1972b:
90), Haddington (Longniddry) (Bland,
1994c: 84) and Warwickshire (Bedford) (Robbins,
1991: 96). Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe (Spencer,
1990: 198) including Belgium, Czech Republic, French mainland,
Germany, Lithuania and Poland (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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