Leaf-miner: Mine
beginning on lower surface, the linear upper surface section eaten
out somewhat irregularly at sides (Spencer, 1972b: 80).
Corridor
mine; the corridor begins with a lower-surface spiral or patch.
The upper-surface corridor that follows has very irregular sides,
and frass in long pearl chains. Pupation outside the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
A narrow gallery similar to P. vitalbae, but starting on the lower surface. The linear upper section eaten out irregularly at sides (British
leafminers).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larvae are described by de Meijere (1928,
as auricomi) and the posterior spiracle is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Dark brown (Spencer, 1972b:
80).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: October.
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Uncommon. Surrey (Mickleham)
(Spencer, 1972b: 80) and
Warwickshire (Coventry, Leamington Spa and Warwick) (Robbins,
1991: 26); Glamorgan, North Somerset, Pembrokeshire, Shropshire and West Gloucestershire (NBN
Atlas). Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Denmark, Germany, The Netherlands
(Bladmineerders van Europa) and Austria (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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