Phytomyza
bipunctata Loew, 1858
[Diptera:
Agromyzidae]
Phytomyza
bipunctata Loew, 1858. Wien. ent. Mschr. 2:
77
Phytomyza bipunctata Loew, 1858; Hendel, 1934. Fliegen
palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 361
Phytomyza bipunctata Loew, 1858; Spencer, 1972b. Handbk
ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 72 (figs 237-8), 79, 113
Phytomyza bipunctata Loew, 1858; Spencer, 1976. Fauna
ent. Scand. 5 (1): 391-2, figs 681-3
Phytomyza bipunctata Loew, 1858; Spencer, 1990. Host
specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 249, 250
(fig. 933), 320.
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Leaf-miner: A
narrow, whitish linear mine with frass in a conspicuous, almost
unbroken line at alternate sides of the channel (Spencer, 1972b: 72 (fig. 238); Spencer,
1976: 381 (fig. 682), 392).
Long
narrow corridor, upper-surface for most of its length, but with
lower-surface segments. Over large distances the corridor follows
a heavy vein. Frass in strikingly long threads, alternating along
the sides of the mine. Sometimes the frass thread is quite coarse
and thick, at other times it is hair thin. Pupation outside the
mine, exit slit in the upper epidermis. Occasionally pupation takes
place within the mine, but then the exit slit has already been cut
(moreover, the anterior spiracles do not penetrate the epidermis)
(Bladmineerders van Europa).
The
mine is illustrated in British
leafminers.
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Black; posterior spiracles each with an ellipse of up to 12 bulbs
(Spencer, 1976: 392).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: June-September.
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: London (Hampstead), Surrey (Kew
Gardens) (Spencer, 1972b:
79) and Berkshire (Maidehead) (British
leafminers). South-west Yorkshire (NBN
Atlas). Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe, particularly in gardens, including
Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 391),
The Netherlands, Belgium (Bladmineerders van Europa), Germany (Spencer,
1976: 570), European Turkey, Hungary, Lithuania and Poland (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown.
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