Leaf-miner:
Larvae feeding in basal leaves, mainly in mid-rib, moving from one
leaf to another via the base of the leaves. Pupation internal (Spencer, 1972b: 68).
Most
of the time the larva lives in the midrib of the rosette leaves.
Now and then short excursions are made into the blade. At first
they are pale green, later they are almost full depth and whitish,
and quite conspicuous. They do not contain frass. The larva may
migrate from one leaf to another by way of the heart of the rosette.
For its development it needs 3-4 leaves. Pupation within the mine.
Before that the larva has scraped clean the wall of the puparial chamber
up to the cuticula. (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: Currently unknown.
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Hertfordshire (Barnet), probably more
widespread (Spencer, 1972b:
68). East Suffolk (NBN
Atlas). Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Belgium (Scheirs,
de Bruyn and von Tschirnhaus, 1999), Azores, Estonia, Finland,
French mainland, Germany, Lithuania, Sweden and Ukraine (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown.
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