Leaf-miner:
Green, later brownish corridor or more often an elongated whitish
linear blotch overlying the midrib. The mine has short, irregular
side branches. Frass in irrgular, dispsersed grains. Pupation outside
the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa ; Spencer, 1972b:
53 (fig. 177); Spencer, 1976:
273 (fig. 493), 275).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larva is described by de Meijere (1928).
Posterior spiracles each with an ellipse of 7-10 bulbs (Spencer, 1972b: 55).
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Orange; posterior spiracles each with an ellipse of 7-10 bulbs (Spencer,
1976: 275).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: July, October.
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in Britain including London
(Cripplegate); Middlesex (Scratch Wood); Essex (Stanford-Le-Hope),
Norfolk (Norwich) (Spencer, 1972b: 55, as L. tragopogonis), Warwickshire (Coventry,
Holbrooks) (Robbins, 1991:
123); North Somerset and South-west Yorkshire (NBN
Atlas). Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Sweden
(Spencer, 1976: 267), Germany
(Bladmineerders van Europa ; Spencer, 1976:
562), Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania and Poland (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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