Leaf-miner:
A narrow, whitish linear mine. Pupation internal (Spencer,
1976: 416).
Upper-surface,
less often lower-surface corridor. Frass in isolated grains. Puparium
within the mine, usually at the lower surface (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall. Posterior spiracles with 6-9 bulbs (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Puparium:
The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
White (Spencer, 1976:
416).
Comments:
Leontodon autumnalis is
treated as Scorzoneroides autumnalis (Autumn Hawkbit) by
Stace (2010).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines:
Probably bivoltine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Co. Clare, Ballyvaughan, Lough
Rask) (Spencer, 1972b: 87).
Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including [former] Yugoslavia,
Germany, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Faroe Is., Iceland (Spencer,
1976: 416), Lithuania, Poland, Sweden and Yugoslavia (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown.
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