Leaf-miner: Full depth mine; in parts of the mine the parenchyma remain untouched.
The larva enters and exits the leaf by means of an oval opening
of 3-5 mm at the base, near the leaf edge. Pupation external (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Forms a deep mine with plentiful frass. The larva changes leaves entering and leaving near the leaf edge (British
leafminers).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larva is described Rotheray (1988)
and Stuke (2000). Posterior spiracles on a large common black spot; mandible with one tooth (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Comments:
Chandler (1978) did not
indicate whether his host records were British or Foreign and are
therefore tentatively included under 'Hosts in Britain' and 'Hosts
elsewhere'.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: May - June (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Speight, 2004 in Fauna Europaea). Also Beltany approach path, Raphoe, Co. Donegal (British
leafminers).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including The Netherlands
and Belgium (van der Goot, 1981;
Verlinden, 1991), Austria,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, French
mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Luxembourg,
Macedonia, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Sweden,
Switzerland and Yugoslavia (Speight, 2004 in Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown.
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