Agromyza
flavifrons Meigen, 1830. Syst. Beschr. 6: 184
Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen, 1830); Spencer, 1972b. Handbk
ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 46
Amauromyza (Trilobomyza) flavifrons (Meigen, 1830); Spencer,
1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 162-3, figs 293-297.
Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen, 1830); Spencer, 1990. Host
specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 63, 69,
70, 204, 231, 233, 385.
|
Leaf-miner: A
white linear-blotch mine, the linear section sometimes not detectable
as it becomes enveloped in later blotch (Spencer,
1976: 162-3, figs 296-7).
Upper-surface,
less often lower-surface, corridor, followed, and often overrun,
by a large blotch. Even when the corridor is overun, it usually
remains recognisable in the frass pattern. The mine looks whitish
in the field. The blotch does not contain much frass, in the form
of small black grains, dispersed and stuck to the floor of the mine.
Feeding punctures upper-surface (always?). Pupation outside the
mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
A common miner, forming a white linear blotch mine (the blotch may obscure the linear portion of the mine) in both native and garden plants (British
leafminers).The mine is also illustrated in the Encyclopedia of Life.
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larva is described in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Reddish brown; posterior spiracles each with 3 bulbs (Spencer,
1976: 162).
Comments:
Records of flavifrons on Glechoma [Lamiaceae] (Robbins, 1991:
103; Pitkin & Plant) [Lamiaceae] are doubtful and require confirmation.
In England flavifrons occurs commonly in gardens on Dianthus
species (Spencer, 1976: 163).
Lychnis
chalcedonica is treated as Silene
chalcedonica (Maltese-Cross); Lychnis
coronaria is treated as Silene
coronaria (Rose Campion) and Lychnis
flos-cuculi is treated as Silene
flos-cuculi (Ragged-Robin) by Stace (2010).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Caryophyllaceae |
|
|
|
|
Agrostemma |
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 33 |
Agrostemma |
githago
|
Corncockle |
 |
Robbins,
1989: 21 |
Dianthus |
|
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
Dianthus |
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 33 |
Dianthus |
|
|
|
British
leafminers |
Dianthus |
|
|
|
Spencer, 1972b: 110 |
Dianthus |
x
allwoodii |
|
|
Robbins,
1989: 21 |
Dianthus |
barbatus
|
Sweet-William |
 |
Mines
in BMNH |
Dianthus |
barbatus
|
Sweet-William |
 |
Robbins,
1989: 21 |
Dianthus |
caryophyllus
|
Clove
Pink |
|
Mines
in BMNH |
Dianthus |
plumarius
|
Pink |
|
Mines
in BMNH |
Lychnis |
|
|
|
Spencer, 1972b: 110 |
Lychnis |
coronaria
|
Rose
Campion |
 |
Robbins,
1991: 33 |
Lychnis |
coronaria
|
Rose
Campion |
 |
British
leafminers |
Saponaria |
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 33 |
Saponaria |
|
|
|
Spencer, 1972b: 46 |
Saponaria |
officinalis
|
Soapwort |
 |
Mines
in BMNH |
Saponaria |
officinalis
|
Soapwort |
 |
Robbins,
1991: 33 |
Saponaria |
officinalis
|
Soapwort |
 |
Spencer, 1972b: 110 |
Silene |
latifolia
subsp. alba |
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
Silene |
latifolia
subsp. alba |
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 33 |
Silene |
latifolia
subsp. alba |
|
|
Spencer, 1972b: 110 |
Silene |
dioica
|
Red
Campion |
 |
Mines
in BMNH |
Silene |
dioica
|
Red
Campion |
 |
British
leafminers |
Silene |
dioica
|
Red
Campion |
 |
Robbins,
1991: 33 |
Silene |
vulgaris
|
Bladder
Campion |
 |
Mines
in BMNH |
Stellaria |
holostea
|
Greater
Stitchwort |
 |
Mines
in BMNH |
Stellaria |
holostea
|
Greater
Stitchwort |
 |
Robbins,
1989: 21 |
Stellaria |
holostea
|
Greater
Stitchwort |
 |
Spencer, 1972b: 110 |
Chenopodiaceae |
|
|
|
|
Atriplex |
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 34 |
Beta |
vulgaris
|
Beet |
 |
Spencer, 1972b: 111 |
Spinacia |
oleracea
|
Spinach |
|
Spencer, 1972b: 111 |
Hosts elsewhere:
Caryophyllaceae |
|
|
|
|
Agrostemma |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Agrostemma |
githago |
Corncockle |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Cerastium |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Cerastium |
caespitosum |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Cerastium |
triviale |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa
|
Cucubalus |
baccifer |
Berry
Catchfly |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Dianthus |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 162 |
Dianthus |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Dianthus |
barbatus |
Sweet-William |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Dianthus |
carthusianorum |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Dianthus |
caryophyllus |
Clove
Pink |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Dianthus |
collinus |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Dianthus |
scaber |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Dianthus |
superbus |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Gypsophila |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Gypsophila |
paniculata |
Baby's-breath |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Lychnis |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 162 |
Lychnis |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Lychnis |
chalcedonica |
Maltese-Cross |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Lychnis |
coeli-rosa |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Lychnis |
coronaria |
Rose
Campion |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Lychnis |
flos-cuculi
|
Ragged-Robin |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Lychnis |
viscaria
subsp. atropurpurea |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Moehringia |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Moehringia |
trinervia
|
Three-nerved
Sandwort |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Myosoton
|
aquaticum |
Water
Chickweed |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Myosoton |
aquaticum |
Water
Chickweed |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa, as Stellaria aquatica
|
Saponaria |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 162 |
Saponaria |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Saponaria |
ocymoides |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Saponaria |
officinalis
|
Soapwort |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Silene |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 162 |
Silene |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Silene |
alba |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Silene |
annua |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Silene |
dioica
|
Red
Campion |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Silene |
latifolia
|
White
Campion |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Silene |
noctiflora |
Night-flowering
Catchfly |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Silene |
nutans |
Nottingham
Catchfly |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Silene |
vulgaris |
Bladder
Campion |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Silene |
vulgaris
subsp. vulgaris |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa, as Silene cucubalus |
Stellaria |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 162 |
Stellaria |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Stellaria |
graminea
|
Lesser
Stitchwort |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Stellaria |
holostea
|
Greater
Stitchwort |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Stellaria |
media |
Common
Chickweed |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Stellaria |
nemorum
|
Wood
Stitchwort |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Stellaria |
nemorum
subsp. montana |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa, as Stellaria montana
|
Vaccaria |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Vaccaria |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Chenopodiaceae |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Atriplex |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Beta |
vulgaris
|
Beet |
 |
Spencer,
1976: 162 |
Beta |
vulgaris
|
Beet |
 |
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Beta |
vulgaris
|
Beet |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Chenopodium |
album |
Fat-hen |
 |
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Spinacia |
oleracea
|
Spinach |
|
Spencer,
1976: 162 |
Spinacia |
oleracea
|
Spinach |
|
Spencer,
1990: 63 |
Spinacia |
oleracea
|
Spinach |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Time
of year - mines: June-October.
Time
of year - adults: July.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread but local, including
Denbighshire (Cefn-y-bedd), Dunbartonshire (Cardross) (Spencer, 1972b: 46), Warwickshire (Keresley) (Robbins,
1991: 33), Anglesey, Cambridgeshire, Carmarthenshire, Denbighshire, Dorset, East Norfolk, Easterness, Glamorgan, Leicestershire, Mid-west Yorkshire, Middlesex, Monmouthshire, Montgomeryshire, Shropshire,
South Lancashire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford and West Norfolk (NBN
Atlas). Distribution elsewhere: Widespread and not uncommon in much of
Europe including Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden (Spencer,
1976: 162), The Netherlands, Luxembourg (Bladmineerders van Europa), Belgium (de
Bruyn and von Tschirnhaus, 1991), Germany (Spencer,
1976: 550), Albania, Corsica, Czech Republic, European Turkey,
French mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Lithuania, Romania,
Sardinia and Spanish mainland (Fauna Europaea). Range extending eastwards to Kirghiz Republic of
U.S.S.R. (Spencer, 1976:
162).
Also
recorded in Canada (Spencer,
1976: 162).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
Agrostemma
githago, Beta
vulgaris Dianthus
barbatus, Dianthus
carthusianorum, Dianthus
caryophyllus, Chenopodium
album, Dianthus
plumarius, Dianthus
superbus, Lychnis
chalcedonica (= Silene
chalcedonica), Lychnis
coronaria (= Silene
coronaria), Lychnis
flos-cuculi (= Silene
flos-cuculi), Moehringia
trinervia, Myosoton
aquaticum, Saponaria
ocymoides, Saponaria
officinalis, Silene
alba, Silene
dioica, Silene
latifolia, Stellaria
nemorum subsp. montana, Silene
noctiflora, Silene
nutans, Silene
vulgaris, Silene
vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, Spinacia
oleracea, Stellaria
graminea, Stellaria
holostea, Stellaria
nemorum, Stellaria
nemorum subsp. montana
|
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
Chalcidoidea |
|
Chrysocharis
amyite (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis
entedonoides (Walker, 1872) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis
pentheus (Walker, 1839) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Chrysocharis
viridis (Nees, 1934) |
Eulophidae: Entedoninae |
Diglyphus
chabrias (Walker, 1838) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Diglyphus
isaea (Walker, 1838) |
Eulophidae: Eulophinae |
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available |
|
Chorebus lateralis (Haliday, 1839) |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Chorebus
trilobomyzae Griffiths, 1968 |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Dacnusa
maculipes Thomson, 1895 |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Dapsilarthra
sylvia (Haliday, 1839) |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Grammospila
rufiventris (Nees, 1812) |
Braconidae: Alysiinae |
Bracon atrator Nees, 1834 |
Braconidae: Braconinae |
Opius
ochrogaster Wesmael, 1835 |
Braconidae: Opiinae |
Phaedrotoma variegata (Szépligeti, 1896) |
Braconidae: Opiinae |
Adults:
 |
Wing
of Amauromyza flavifrons |
|