Agromyza
anthracina
Meigen, 1830. Syst. Beschr. 6: 173
Agromyza freyi Hendel, 1931. Fliegen palaearkt. Reg.
6(2): 131 [Synonymised by Spencer, 1976: 98]
Agromyza anthracina Meigen, 1830; Spencer, 1972b. Handbk
ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 37 (figs 110-111), 39, 121
Agromyza anthracina Meigen, 1830; Spencer, 1976. Fauna
ent. Scand. 5(1): 98-9, figs 145-6.
Agromyza anthracina Meigen, 1830; Spencer, 1990. Host
specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 54, 57,
58 (fig. 216), 313.
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Leaf-miner: Larva
forming linear-blotch mine between two veins, not adjoining margin
of leaf, frass in distinct black strips or pellets (Spencer, 1972b: 37 (fig. 111), 39; Spencer,
1976: 100 (fig. 146)).
Full
depth mine with indistinct primary and secondary feeding lines.
Generally the mines lie in the centre of the leaf. The mine starts
as a narrow corridor, strongly, 'intestine-like', wound (unless
the mine lies near the leaf margin, in which case the first part
of the corridor follows the leaf margin). Further on the corridor
widens into an elongated blotch. Part of the frass in a long fine
thread. In comparision with the other two Agromyza's on Nettle
the mine is much clearer, less green-cloudy. Pupation outside the
mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
The
mine starts away from the leaf edge usually and has a coiled intestine-like
start; it has frass in long threads in the broader part of the mine
(British
leafminers).
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Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larva is described by Dempewolf (2001)
and illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa. Mandibles with three teeth (Bladmineerders van Europa); posterior spiracles each with 3 bulbs on a conspicuous
protuberance (Spencer, 1972b:
39).
Puparium:
The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
The puparium is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: June-July, October-November.
Time
of year - adults: July-August.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread, but local. including
London (Hampstead), Surrey (Godalming), Cambridge (Chippenham Fen),
Dorset (West Bay), Dunbartonshire (Bonhill), Sutherland (Golspie) (Spencer, 1972b: 39); Inner Hebrides (Isle of Coll, Arinagour) (Bland,
1992), Warwickshire (Print Wood) (Robbins,
1991: 71), Hampshire (Fleet) (British
leafminers), Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire, Carmarthenshire, Denbighshire, East Gloucestershire, East Ross, East Suffolk, Easterness, Edinburgh, Leicestershire, Main Argyll, Merionethshire, North Hampshire, North Somerset, Orkney, Shropshire, South Hampshire, South Lancashire, South-east Yorkshire, South-west Yorkshire,
Stafford, Surrey, West Kent, Westmorland and Worcestershire (NBN
Atlas).
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Fauna Europaea) and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map). Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Denmark,
Finland, Norway and Sweden (Spencer,
1976: 99), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Belgium (Scheirs,
de Bruyn and von Tschirnhaus, 1996), Germany (Spencer,
1976: 546; Dempewolf (2001),
Czech Republic, French mainland, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia
and Switzerland (Fauna Europaea).
NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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